Pneumatic conveying:

Dense phase pneumatic conveying systems for powder and bulk materials can be designed in several ways: powder pump, pneumatic conveyor, powder conveyor, pneumatic conveying, vacuum conveying, vacuum conveyor, powder conveyor, etc. These systems are used for pneumatic conveying of bulk materials, powders, granules, and raw products.

Dense phase pneumatic conveying has many advantages compared to dilute phase pneumatic conveying. Dense phase is often used to prevent material attrition and particle segregation of the conveyed powders or bulk solids. Also, dense phase conveying offers total containment and lower energy consumption advantages. Therefore, the transport of powders at high pressure and low speed is suitable for abrasive and friable bulk solids.
The operating principle is simple: the bulk materials are extracted via a vacuum pump (electric or pneumatic) to an infeed cyclone (cyclo-filter) with a tangential (cylindrical) inlet. The bulk material is discharged from the system via receiving filters or cyclones that separate the material from the air directly above the storage hoppers in the industrial production line.

The main functions of pneumatic conveying or bulk materials conveying also includes dosing and weighing of the material transfer. The most common installations involve the vacuum conveying of powders, granules or bulk materials from sacks, bulk bags, storage containers, silos, packing lines, manual bag dump stations, etc.
Pneumatic vacuum conveying systems are generally used to convey powders and bulk materials from several entry points, such as storage tanks, bulk bags, and blower trucks to one or more production process equipment stations in the process line. Unlike pressure pneumatic conveying systems, vacuum conveyors also have the advantage of easily removing powder or granules from open-top containers or bulk bags using suction wands/tubes.
The dense phase pressure conveyor is used to transfer powders, bulk materials and raw ingredients to one or more production equipment stations over long distances, while offering a better throughput than vacuum pneumatic conveying systems.

These pneumatic powder conveying systems transfer the powder by pressure, with one or more material inlets. The bulk materials are fed into the conveying lines via a rotary airlock valve. The conveyed powders and pushed/pulled through the conveying line to one or more points of collection. The conveyed powders will then be separated from the air by the use of a receiving filter or a cyclonic separator.
The dilute phase pressure pneumatic conveying system is designed for installations with multiple collection and discharge points. This method transfers powders and bulk materials by suspended them using air velocity. These bulk products are separated from the conveying air at the point of collection and then discharged by means of slide valves, butterfly valves and rotary airlock valves.  Most industrial processes requiring the transfer of material via air and pressure use dilute phase conveying methods.